Abstract
In this work, removal of fluorescein and eosin dyes using common agrowaste, i.e., peels of water melon (Citrullus lanatus) (WMP), has been studied in the batch mode. The sorbent material (WMP) was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and elemental analysis. The sorbent was chemically modified by subjecting it to 0.1 N HNO3 and 0.1 N NaOH solutions. Different parameters such as sorbent dose, pH, temperature, and agitation speed were optimized to investigate the sorbent efficiency for fluorescein and eosin dyes. Among three forms (raw, base-treated, and acid-treated), the base-treated form exhibited higher removal efficiency, followed by acid-treated and then the raw form. Generally, range for the removal of fluorescein and eosin was found to be 48.06–88.08% and 48.47–79.31%, respectively. Mathematical modeling of sorption data by Langmuir and Freundlich sorption isotherms and thermodynamic investigations were carried out to check the suitability of these agrowaste materials on bulk scale. The promising results concluded that peel of water melon (common agrowaste) can be potentially utilized for the removal of toxins.
Highlights
Since several years, environment has ever been victim of man-made activities, such as burning domestic garbage, contributing domestic sludge, human waste, discharging different types of smokes by burning fuels, and automobile exhaust
These are escaped into agricultural soils upon irrigation. These reaches human body, as human beings are a big consumer. Such transfer of chemicals from industrial units to human body is a serious threat to quality of life
Selection of water melon peel as the sorbent material was made on the basis of its abundant availability, underestimation, and eventually discarding nature just as the agrowaste material
Summary
Environment has ever been victim of man-made activities, such as burning domestic garbage, contributing domestic sludge, human waste, discharging different types of smokes by burning fuels, and automobile exhaust. Chemicals are being used as reactants, intermediates, or catalysts and are discharged as effluents into different water bodies. These are escaped into agricultural soils upon irrigation. These reaches human body, as human beings are a big consumer. Such transfer of chemicals from industrial units to human body is a serious threat to quality of life. Textile industrial effluent is reported to be rich in dyes, and in this way, dyes are the major source of water pollution [1]
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