Removal of acid orange 7 by guava seed carbon: A four parameter optimization study

Abstract

The preparation of carbon from waste materials is a recent and economic alternative for the removal of dyes. In this study four samples of carbon were obtained by thermal treatment at 1000 °C using as precursor the guava seed with different particle sizes. The Taguchi method was applied as an experimental design to establish the optimum conditions for the removal of acid orange 7 in batch experiments. The chosen experimental factors and their ranges were: pH (2–12), temperature (15–35 °C), specific surface area (50–600 m 2 g −1) and adsorbent dosage (16–50 mg ml −1). The orthogonal array L 9 and the larger the better response category were selected to determine the optimum removal conditions: pH 2, temperature 15 °C, S esp 600 m 2 g −1 and dosage 30 mg ml −1. Under these conditions a total removal of acid orange 7 was achieved. Moreover, the most significant factors were the carbon specific surface area and the pH. The influence of the different factors on the adsorption of acid orange 7 from solution is explained in terms of electrostatic interactions by considering the dye species and the character of the surface.