Abstract
Abstract The Global Positioning System (GPS) provides a relatively inexpensive method to remotely sense atmospheric water vapor in all weather conditions. In this study, we applied the GPS meteorology technique to monitor the precipitable water vapor (PWV) variation during a severe weather event (typhoon EWINIAR). The Korean weighted mean temperature equation (KWMTE), customized for the Korean Peninsula, was used to improve the accuracy of the GPS PWV estimation. The time series and the comparison with the images of MTSAT/CMAX and the GPS PWV contour maps indicated that the temporal change of GPS PWV was closely related to the progress of the typhoon. The correlation between the maximum GPS PWV and the maximum rainfall caused by the typhoon was also higher than that for the quiet weather period. Furthermore, the peak in the time series of GPS PWV was generally in good agreement with the time when the maximum rainfall was recorded. Our results therefore confirm that GPS meteorology is an efficient PWV sensing technique, capable of capturing the complex characteristics of water vapor distribution and its temporal variation during a period of severe weather events.
Highlights
A typhoon is a meteorological phenomenon that brings heavy rain and strong winds
Spatial and temporal water vapor distributions provided by continuous GPS PWV measurements are indispensable to monitoring and predicting the characteristic aspects of typhoons (Liou et al, 2001), and with the increasing number of permanently tracking GPS receivers worldwide, the achievable spatial and temporal resolutions of GPS PWV continue to improve (Yan et al, Copyright c The Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences (SGEPSS); The Seismological Society of Japan; The Volcanological Society of Japan; The Geodetic Society of Japan; The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences; TERRAPUB
Concluding Remarks In this paper, the GPS PWV was estimated from permanent GPS stations in South Korea with the aim of assessing the performance of GPS meteorology during a severe weather event
Summary
A typhoon is a meteorological phenomenon that brings heavy rain and strong winds. Recording the variation in atmospheric water vapor during the passage of a typhoon is important as it is the main source of precipitation and a dominant constituent of energy resources related to typhoon dynamics (Frank, 1977). Liou et al (2001) reported that the Global Positioning System (GPS) meteorology technique offers a high accuracy of GPS precipitable water vapor (PWV) retrieval during severe weather conditions, such as a typhoon, hurricane, and tornado. Liou et al (2001) reported that the Global Positioning System (GPS) meteorology technique offers a high accuracy of GPS precipitable water vapor (PWV) retrieval during severe weather conditions, such as a typhoon, hurricane, and tornado. For the procedure of GPS PWV retrieval from the zenith wet delay, we adopted a regionally weighted mean temperature model (Tm), which was calculated by a linear regression method using surface and upper air temperature This model is compared with other, previously published models of Tm. We analyzed the correlation between the maximum GPS PWV and maximum rainfall to verify that GPS can play a significant role in monitoring temporal variations of water vapor fields during severe weather events. It should be mentioned that GPS PWV can be used, for example, to improve predictions of heavy rainfall during extreme conditions, as demonstrated in Section 4, via the analysis of the correlation between GPS PWV and rainfall
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
