Remote sensing monitoring of surface vegetation and soil moisture changes and the disturbance effect of coal mining subsidence in the Western mining area of China

Abstract

In order to explore the disturbance effect of mining subsidence on the vegetation and soil moisture in mining area, using the remote sensing data of the 2007-2017 years in Shaanxi Bin Chang mining area, this paper builds the Temperature Vegetation Drought Index model by establishing the characteristic space, and the changes of vegetation and soil moisture in the mining subsidence area and no-mining affected area were monitored and analyzed. According to the subsidence range and damage degree during the 2007-2017 years in the study area, the depth of crack and the area of crack area in the mining subsidence area are determined, and the disturbance effect of soil moisture change caused by mining subsidence is discussed. The analysis shows that due to the loose surface layer caused by surface cracks, the absorption and evaporation effect of surface water is aggravated, and the soil moisture in the subsidence area is higher than that in the non-subsidence area in the low temperature season of January. In the high temperature season of July, the evaporation degree of the subsidence area is higher than that in the non-subsidence area, and the relative soil moisture is lower than that in the non-subsidence area. This fully reflects the change of surface soil environment caused by coal mining subsidence. The above research results have guiding significance for land evaluation and environmental improvement in coal mining subsidence area in Western China.