Remote sensing monitoring of planting area of Panax notoginseng: A case study of Kaiyuan City in Honghe Prefecture

Abstract

Panax notoginseng is second only to ginseng Panax notoginseng in the Chinese traditional medicine industry. It has extremely high economic value and medicinal value. However, due to the unsustainable planting characteristics of P. notoginseng. The original planting area of P. notoginseng has been exhausted, so the planting area of P. notoginseng has gradually expanded to other areas, and the planting area of P. notoginseng is also changing. Based on Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 OLI remote sensing image data from 2018 to 2021, the study used Google Earth engine and Random Forest classification to analyze the spatial distribution information of P. notoginseng planting areas in Kaiyuan City, Honghe Prefecture. The results show that, based on Sentinel-2 data, Landsat 8 OLI data, and other multisource data, comprehensively considering the image spectral characteristics and habitat characteristics of P. notoginseng, and applying the Random Forest classification method. The spatial distribution information of P. notoginseng planting areas can be quickly extracted. After calculation, the transfer matrix indicates that the accuracy of the results is high and can meet the requirements of research and application. According to the analysis of the results, the cultivated area of P. notoginseng showed no significant change in 2018 and 2019. It shows an increasing trend during this period. In 2020, the cultivated area of P. notoginseng decreased slightly. While in 2021, the cultivated area of P. notoginseng increased sharply, and the cultivated area of P. notoginseng was more than twice that of the previous year. However, the price of P. notoginseng has shown a trend of decline year by year. By monitoring the planting area of P. notoginseng and analyzing the relationship between the planting area and the price of P. notoginseng, we can predict the future market price of P. notoginseng and plan the rational planting of P. notoginseng.