Abstract
The Upper Blue Nile basin is important for sustaining millions of livelihoods in Ethiopia and downstream nations. However, there are very few hydroclimate observatories in the basin. Remote sensing is an alternative for providing synoptic, repetitive, and timely information. This review investigated how remote sensing data is applied in studying the basin's hydrology. The main application areas include satellite rainfall products evaluation, land use land cover change mapping, evapotranspiration modeling, groundwater recharge estimation, and soil moisture and water storage monitoring. CHIRPS is reported to be the best-performing satellite-based precipitation product. Natural forest, grassland, and shrubland coverage is decreasing, whereas agriculture and urban are increasing. Remote Sensing is used to extract hydrogeological features, identify recharge zones, assess soil moisture, and manage reservoirs. Overall, this review offers insights into how remote sensing can be applied in hydrology, benefiting policymakers, researchers, and practitioners by harnessing the full potential of remote sensing technology.
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