Abstract
This article presents a new strategy of active synchronization of an island micro-grid and the utility grid (UG) without measurements at the point of common coupling (PCC). This strategy is based on the assistance of Ethernet communication, GPS pulse-per-second device synchronization, and droop control parameter shift. A strategy with Ethernet-assisted synchronization is used instead of synchronization with dedicated low-bandwidth communication. This strategy is based on exchanging data between two proposed devices: synchronization data sender (SDS) and synchronization data controller (SDC). The SDS calculates the UG voltage parameters and sends these data to the SDC device. The SDC is responsible for receiving synchronization data and calculating droop control parameter shift. The use of GPS-based device synchronization adds very stable and accurate measurements of synchronization parameters that correspond to the stable synchronization signal. As this strategy uses droop control method parameter change, all distributed generators share loads adequately. This strategy introduces the possibility to remove the need for measurement of voltage directly on the switch location. The proposed devices could be connected even a long distance from the PCC. The strategy also introduces the possibility of working in synchronism with the main grid despite the island mode of the micro-grid. This introduces the possibility to connect the micro-grid at the same moment as fault clear or maintenance end.
Highlights
The amount of electronic devices is constantly growing, which is the reason for an ever greater energy demand
The inverter works with the use of droop control to produce correct frequency and voltage for consumers
At 1.3 seconds of the simulation the phase angle difference between the MG and the utility grid (UG) has a value of 82 degrees
Summary
The amount of electronic devices is constantly growing, which is the reason for an ever greater energy demand. This method is applied because in most cases the voltage magnitudes of the MG and UG are close to each other and their frequencies are only slightly different. The solution presented in article [17], proposes directly sending the calculated difference between voltage magnitude, frequency and phase angle to controllable DGs and using it as an input of active and reactive power loops. Article [18] proposes use the sine of the phase angle between both voltages to calculate the new theta value that should be used by the DG controller to synchronize with the UG. The method presented in [20] is based on the combined use of different phase-locked loop (PLL) systems, to synchronize the phase angle and frequency of the MG with the UG. As the voltages have the same magnitude, frequency and phase angle, transient currents and voltages are close to zero
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