Remote Health Monitoring System for the Estimation of Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Blood Oxygen Saturation Level

Abstract

This article presents the design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based remote health monitoring system for the estimation of blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and blood oxygen saturation levels (SpO2). Our designed sensor can remotely monitor BP, HR, and SpO2. Our device collects, evaluates, predicts, and reads health data and then stores it on a remote platform named “ThinkSpeak,” which forms an IoT platform, with a 0.91 organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) screen display for viewing numerical health readings locally. We used a biomedical sensor device with an embedded signal condition unit, and a single photoplethysmography (PPG) signal was employed to derive and measure the PPG signal. A computer-based algorithm was generated, which factored in selected beneficial parameters measured from a single bio-inspired PPG signal. The measured PPG signal was used to estimate the individual user’s BP (both systolic and diastolic values), HR, and SpO2. An automatic multiscale-based peak (AMBP) detection algorithm was developed to obtain the maximum peak of the PPG signal. Furthermore, the developed sensor was benchmarked against two standard commercially available measurement devices: a Contec ambulatory BP sensor and a Braun pulse oximeter monitor. Our developed sensor is worn as a ring sensor and is interfaced with an Arduino 1010 WIFI MKR for remote health monitoring. Our estimated BP, HR, and SpO2 values were remotely monitored and a graphical representation was constructed.