Abstract
To evaluate the organogenic potential of Cedrela montana Moritz ex Turcz. Explants from mature (10-20 year-old) and juvenile (7-18 month-old) trees ZHUHFROOHFWHG��7KH�?UVWJURXSLQJLQFOXGHGEXGV��OHDYHV�� DQGQRGHVGHULYHGIURPMXYHQLOHEDVDORIIVKRRWVDQG� UHMXYHQDWHGVKRRWVIURPFXWWLQJV��7KHVHFRQG��LQFOXGHG� OHDYHV��SHWLROHV��QRGHV��LQWHUQRGHVDQGQRGHVRI� Fuzzy measures and fuzzy integrals. Abstract. This is a study of fuzzy measures and fuzzy inte- grals; it presents some of the phenomena where they are used. It exposes how the concept of fuzzy measure is introduced and from it, the notion of fuzzy integral is presented. Properties of fuzzy measures are established and they are classified according to additive property and �-measures, while the probability, plausibility, credibility, pos- sibility and necessity measures are observed as classic examples of the classification completed. The two main fuzzy integrals were analyzed: the Sugeno integral and the Choquet integral, given the application of these integrals is made on finite sets, a comparison between them for the finite case is performed using the concept of equiorde- red functions. We present two examples in which fuzzy measures and fuzzy integrals are used in the classification of individuals and in quality assessment. It also describes some phenomena where they are applied. Classic measures are used in certain special cases of uncertainty based on randomness. The use in certain contexts of fuzzy measures (non-additive) and fuzzy integrals offer a more flexible and realistic focus in modeling uncertainty. Removal of synthetic dyes by Fenton process using activated carbon-supported Fe 2 O 3 obtained from rose remnants. Abstract. Fe2O3-catalysts (0-10% m/m of Fe) supported on activated carbon obtained from rose remnants were used to study the removal of dyes reactive black 5 and crystal violet by the Fenton reaction. The activated carbon was obtained from pyrolysis at 500 °C (1h) followed by activation with NaOH (1:2 wt.). The VXSSRUWZDVFODVVL?HGXVLQJVHYHUDOFKHPLFDODQGSK\VLFDO� techniques. Fe-catalysts were synthesized by incipient impregnation. Fenton and adsorption treatments were performed in a batch reactor, concentration of dye of 10 mgL -1 , 0.25 mgmL -1 catalyst, pH = 3.7, 20 ± 2 ° C, 750 rpm and atmospheric pressure. The activated carbon used as support showed high basicity, presence of polar groups on the surface, high ash content (22.85%) and oxygen (43.93%) and was mostly of the microporous type with a BET surface area of 520 m 2 g -1 . The maximum discoloration achieved for black reactive 5 was obtained with the catalyst of 3% Fe (98.33%) after 180 min. while for the crystal violet it was obtained with the catalyst of 1% Fe (63.95%) after 180 min. Discoloration by Fenton treatment is dependent on the Fe content, the particle size of the active site and the type of dye. The removal of reactive black 5 reached a maximum at 3% Fe while the crystal violet decreased by increasing Fe content. The treatment proposed in this paper is promising for the removal of synthetic dyes present in contaminated water.
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