Remnant-like particle cholesterol and triglyceride levels of hypertriglyceridemic patients in the fed and fasted state

Caroline Marcoux,Paul N Hopkins,Tao Wang,Elizabeth Teng Leary,Katsuyuki Nakajima,Jean Davignon,Jeffrey S Cohn

doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)33455-6

Abstract

Potentially atherogenic triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) remnants can be isolated and quantitated as remnant-like particles (RLP), using an immunoaffinity gel containing specific anti-human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and apoB-100 monoclonal antibodies. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between postprandial changes in RLP levels and changes in total serum triglyceride (TG) in patients with different forms of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). Three groups of patients were selected, having similarly elevated serum TG levels: a) HTG with TRL remnant accumulation (i.e., type III patients, n = 15, TG: 3.8 +/- 0.2 mm), b) HTG with increased LDL (i.e., type IIb patients, n = 15, TG: 3.7 +/- 0.2 mm), and c) HTG without evidence of remnant or LDL accumulation (i.e., type IV patients, n = 15, TG: 3.9 +/- 0.3 mm). Ingestion of a 45-g fat meal caused a significant increase in serum TG (30;-50%) in all patients. Mean serum TG levels of the three groups were not significantly different at 4 or 6 h after the meal. RLP cholesterol (C) and TG levels increased after the meal in all patients, but these postprandial increases were also not significantly different among groups. Type III patients had significantly higher (P < 0.01) levels of RLP-C and RLP-apoE in the fasted and fed state, and also had significantly higher RLP-C-to-serum TG ratios (P < 0.001) compared with the other groups. These results indicate that 1) RLP-C and RLP-TG levels are significantly increased in the fed versus fasted state in patients with elevated fasting TG levels; 2) patients with different forms of HTG, but similar TG levels, have similar postprandial increases in RLP-C and RLP-TG; and 3) type III patients have significantly elevated levels of RLP-C and RLP-apoE in both the fed and fasted state.

Highlights

Atherogenic triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) remnants can be isolated and quantitated as remnant-like particles (RLP), using an immunoaffinity gel containing specific anti-human apolipoprotein A-I and apoB-100 monoclonal antibodies
The very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction in type III patients was characterized by elevated levels of VLDL cholesterol, and these patients had increased levels of serum apoE compared with other patients (Table 1)
The present study has shown that serum RLP cholesterol (RLP-C) and RLP-TG levels increase in HTG patients after the ingestion of a fat-rich meal

Summary

Introduction

Atherogenic triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) remnants can be isolated and quantitated as remnant-like particles (RLP), using an immunoaffinity gel containing specific anti-human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and apoB-100 monoclonal antibodies. HTG patients with type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP), who have a pronounced increase in circulating remnant lipoproteins (i.e., beta very low density lipoprotein, ␤VLDL) [10], have significantly increased fasting RLP levels [11, 12] and their ratios of RLP-C to plasma TG are significantly greater than those of patients with other forms of HTG [12, 13] In all these studies, plasma RLP levels have been determined in plasma or serum obtained after an overnight fast, and limited information is available concerning plasma RLP concentrations in the fed state.

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