Remittances, exports, ODA, and economic growth in Bangladesh: A time series analysis

Abstract

ABSTRACT This empirical study has explored the symmetric and asymmetric associations among GDP, remittances, Official Development Assistance (ODA), and exports by employing both the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and the Non-Linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) frameworks from 1986–2021. The ARDL model has found the positive impact of ODA and exports on economic growth, whereas remittance has a negative impact on growth. The NARDL framework has also supported the findings of the ARDL method. This study also provides policy recommendations to help achieve steady economic growth in the context of Bangladesh’s economy.