Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) in remission do not exhibit an improvement in gut microbiota composition, which might trigger relapses. The present study investigated the dysbiosis and mucins production in CD patients during remission. We performed an analytical cross-sectional single center study, which recruited 18 CD patients and 18 healthy controls (CG) residing in the same home, meaning that all of the participants experienced the same environmental factors, with similar hygiene status, diet, pollution and other common lifestyle characteristics that may influence the composition of the gut microbiota. When compared to healthy controls, the CD patients exhibited lower microbial α-diversity (p = 0.047), a greater abundance of the Proteobacteria phylum (p = 0.037) and a reduction in the Deltaproteobacteria class (p = 0.0006). There was also a reduction in the Akkermansia (p = 0.002) and Oscillospira (p = 0.024) genera and in the proportion of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (p = 0.01). Additionally, CD patients in remission presented increased neutral (p = 0.001) and acid mucin (p = 0.002) concentrations. The reductions in the proportions of Oscollospira and Akkermansia genera, sulfate-reducing bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, observed in the CD group, may account for the increased mucins production observed in these patients.
Highlights
Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) in remission do not exhibit an improvement in gut microbiota composition, which might trigger relapses
Perianal involvement was present in 44.4%. and endoscopic remission were present in 72.3% of the CD patients
The analysis of the gut microbiota in this study showed a reduction in the genera Dialister and Bifidobacterium in the CD group (Supplementary Figure 1S), we did not find significant changes in the proportion of the species that have already been correlated with active CD like Bifidobacterium adolescents, Dialister invisus and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii[20]
Summary
Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) in remission do not exhibit an improvement in gut microbiota composition, which might trigger relapses. The present study investigated the dysbiosis and mucins production in CD patients during remission. The reductions in the proportions of Oscollospira and Akkermansia genera, sulfate-reducing bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, observed in the CD group, may account for the increased mucins production observed in these patients. The colonic mucus barrier is considered the first line of defense against antigens and bacteria present in the intestinal lumen It is composed of glycoproteins, trefoil factors and mucins[6]. Www.nature.com/scientificreports importance of mucins in the GI tract, the role of these proteins during the CD remission phase has not yet been deeply investigated. With regards to the gut microbiota of CD patients, it has been reported that there is an overall reduction in microbial diversity[13], evidenced by alterations in the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa[6] and fungal communities, when compared to healthy individuals[14]
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