Abstract
ObjectiveTo evaluate the antibacterial and remineralising effects of GAPI peptide on artificial enamel caries. MethodsHuman enamel blocks were exposed to Streptococcus mutans biofilm to create artificial carious lesions. The blocks were randomly assigned to either the GAPI treatment group or the deionised water control group, treated twice daily for 21 days. The viability, growth kinetics, and morphology of S. mutans biofilms were assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), colony-forming unit (CFU) counting, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Lesion depth, mineral loss, calcium-to-phosphorus ratio, Knoop hardness, enamel surface morphology, and crystal characteristics of enamel lesions were determined using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), SEM-energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), a microhardness tester, SEM, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). ResultsCLSM showed that the dead-to-live ratio of S. mutans was 0.8±0.1 in the GAPI group and 0.4±0.1 in the control group (p<0.001). The Log CFUs were 6.9±0.7 in the GAPI group and 8.1±0.5 in the control group (p=0.002). SEM revealed confluent growth of S. mutans in the control group but not in the GAPI group, which also exhibited cell damage. Micro-CT showed that the lesion depth (µm) was 142±11 in the GAPI group and 178±20 in the control group (p<0.001), with mineral loss (gcm⁻³) of 1.1±0.1 and 1.5±0.1, respectively (p<0.001). SEM-EDS indicated that the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio was 1.71±0.02 in the GAPI group and 1.67±0.03 in the control group (p=0.006). Additionally, Knoop hardness was 302±22 in the GAPI group and 242±17 in the control group (p<0.001). SEM revealed an orderly pattern of enamel rods in the GAPI group, and XRD showed better crystallisation of hydroxyapatite in the GAPI group compared to the control group. ConclusionGAPI exhibits antibacterial and remineralising properties against artificial enamel caries. Clinical SignificanceIf the anti-caries properties of GAPI are confirmed in clinical studies, it could be used for caries prevention.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
