Remifentanil injected during analepsia shortens length of postanesthesia care unit stay in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for endometrial cancer: a randomized controlled trial.

Abstract

To guarantee efficient operating room (OR) activity, tracheal extubation is often performed in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). Therefore, the ability of PACU to accommodate postoperative patients is crucial. Optimizing extubation management may speed up the turnover of PACU beds. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of remifentanil, which is used during analepsia, on the length of PACU stay in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for endometrial cancer. In this prospective trial, we recruited a total of 99 patients, who were scheduled for laparoscopic surgery for endometrial cancer. At the end of the surgery, all patients were immediately transferred to the PACU and continued mechanical ventilation. Upon PACU admission, sputum aspiration was routinely performed. If the hemodynamic parameters fluctuated >30% of the baseline level, or patients moved unconsciously without reaching the criteria of extubation, a bolus injection of either 1 μg/kg remifentanil (Rem group, n=51) or propofol 1.0 mg/kg (Pro group, n=48) was randomly administered. The primary outcome was the duration of PACU stay. The secondary outcomes included time to respiratory breath recovery and time to extubation, along with bispectral index (BIS) values and hemodynamic status after remifentanil or propofol intervention. Times of repeated intervention, rescue administration of vasoactive drugs, and the incidence of adverse events were recorded. Visual analog scale and satisfaction scores at the time of PACU discharge were also evaluated. The duration of PACU stay was shorter in the Rem group than in the Pro group [49 (46.47-51.06 minutes) vs. 62 minutes (60.75-69.29 minutes), P<0.0001]. Compared with the Pro group, the time to spontaneous breathing recovery, the time to extubation, and the incidence of hypoxemia after extubation were reduced in the Rem group (P<0.0001, P<0.0001, P=0.03, respectively). After anesthetic administration, the BIS value decreased less in the Rem group (P<0.0001); blood pressure and heart rate (HR) declined, but were comparable in both groups. Remifentanil, which is injected during analepsia, significantly shortens the duration of PACU stay without increasing adverse events in the peri-extubation period.