Abstract
Remediation of Some Heavy Metals, Radionuclides and Bacterial Load of Medically Acclaimed Edible Kaolin
Highlights
The earliest recorded mention of clay consumption for healing remedy was the healing tradition of India that originated approximately 5,000 years ago.1Clay consumption is prompted by pregnancy to eliminate nausea,[2] absorb dangerous toxins in the body,[3] so as to born beautiful children,[4] have lighter and softer skin,[1] and a plethora of others
Effect on pH of the clay The pH of edible kaolin obtained from Katsina State, Nigeria (EKK) was 7.29, compared to pH 6.5 for the one purchased (EKM) from Samaru and Sabo markets in Zaria, Nigeria (Figure 1)
Remediation resulted to increased pH of the clay, regardless of the solution used for the remediation, except for the use of HCl where the pH values were 4.06 and 5.38 in edible kaolin obtained from Kankara, Nigeria – EKK and edible kaolin purchased from market – each of the kaolin samples (EKM) respectively
Summary
The earliest recorded mention of clay consumption for healing remedy was the healing tradition of India that originated approximately 5,000 years ago.1Clay consumption is prompted by pregnancy to eliminate nausea,[2] absorb dangerous toxins in the body,[3] so as to born beautiful children,[4] have lighter and softer skin,[1] and a plethora of others. Since the act of eating the earth (known as geophagia) including clay and chalk is neither new nor outdated;[5] several research have focused on the assessment of several contaminants in geophagious clay. These include the presence of 22 elements in calabash chalk ('Nzu clay'), including lead, chromium, arsenic, zinc among others.[6,7,8,9] It has been reposted to contain microbes like bacteria – Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiellae and Helminthes – Ascaris lumbricodies and hookworm[10] as well as radionuclides - 90Sr, 134Cs, 137Cs, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, 242Cm, 234Th, 235U, 40K.11,12. The concentrations of which depend on anthropogenic processes, geology of the environment and other natural processes.14The concentrations of some of these elements in soils are reported : uranium 2 – 3 mg/L, thorium 8 – 12 mg/L, potassium 0.1% for sandstone, 1% sandstone and 3.5% for granite.15Also, activity concentration of 238U in standard soil
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