Abstract
The great quantities of the produced and transported oil cause high risk of accidental spill. The accidental oil spills are classified according to the significance and location of the site (green area of the city, protection zone, thinly populated land, etc.), volume of the spilled oil, size of the oil-contaminated site, availability for remediation (transport communications), and the type of oil-contaminated soil.The choice of the remediation method depends on this classification and on time, passed from the moment of the accident. The cleanup of oil spill can be divided into three principal stages: the localization of the contaminated site, the collection and utilization of the spilled oil and recultivation of the contaminated soil. The liquidation works must be done after localization of the spill, namely, it is the collection and pumping of the oil with mechanical devices and subsequent oil return in the technological process.It is known that mechanical and physico-chemical sanitation methods can not completely purify the oil-contaminated soils. The total purification is possible only as a result of oil biodegradation (biochemical oxidation). There are two main approaches to oil biodegradation:I)stimulation of aboriginal microflora activity by formation of optimum conditions for itdevelopment; 2) introduction of the active hydrocarbons-oxidizing microbes (biopreparations)into contaminated soil.During the field experiments the various maneuvers of oil-contaminated soil recultivation have been tested: loosening; fertilizing and liming; cleaning with biopreparations; sowing of plants stable to oil.
Highlights
Considerable reserves of currently developed oil fields arc located in West Siberia and in the North of European part of Russia
The accidental oil spills are classified according to the significance and location of the site, volume of the spilled oil, size of the oil-contaminated site, availability for remediation, and the type of oil-contaminated soil
The choice of the remediation method depends on this classification and on time, passed from the moment of the accident
Summary
The effectiveness of eliminating activities of spilled oil collecting directly affects the productivity of further recultivation, In the early 1990's OJSC Surgutneftegaz was researching the efficiency of oil skimmer preproduction prototypes manufactured in Tyumen, Nizhnevartovsk, and Samara They all had, though, certain drawbacks: insufficient floatability, low operational features. It is admissible to leave the remote areas for the oil natural biodcgradation, if only the oil has been isolated and pumped off and there is no risk of its getting into water conduits In this case we assume that it is impossible to conduct the full set of recultivation activities on the entire area of the oil-contaminated land, for the areas and sizes of contamination are incommensurable to the real possibility of its complete elimination. Manual operations during the recultivation should be brought to a minimum in most cases
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
