Abstract
Background.Aniline and its derivatives are widely used as intermediate chemicals in the pharmaceutical and dye industries and are present in their wastewaters. These chemicals are of concern due to their potential detrimental effects on public health and aquatic species in the environment.Objectives.Various available remedial technologies presented in the literature were investigated to determine the most suitable technology for the elimination of aniline and aniline derivatives from waste streams.Methods.The related literature was collected electronically from ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), ResearchGate and Wiley Online Library for systematic review. The search terms included ‘aniline’, ‘aniline degradation’, ‘advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)’, ‘aniline derivatives’ and ‘Fenton’s reagent'.Discussion.Aniline and its derivatives are a serious issue in the effluents of dye and pharmaceutical industries, but a number of efficient treatment methods using biological, physical and AOPs have been presented in the literature.Conclusions.Comparison of the available technologies showed that AOPs were the most cost effective and efficient technologies for eliminating aniline and its derivatives from wastewater.Competing interests.The authors declare no competing financial interests.
Highlights
Aniline is used extensively for producing organic compounds, such as rubber, azo dyes, fuel additives, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, pharmaceuticals, antiseptics and pesticides.[1,2] Aniline is considered one of the most toxic aromatic compounds.[3]
Aqueous solutions containing aniline have reportedly been treated by chemical desorption and permeation using a silicone membrane.[17,18]
The present review demonstrated that aniline and its derivatives, including 2-methoxyaniline and 4-methoxyaniline, are commonly produced and discharged in waste streams
Summary
Aniline is used extensively for producing organic compounds, such as rubber, azo dyes, fuel additives, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, pharmaceuticals, antiseptics and pesticides.[1,2] Aniline is considered one of the most toxic aromatic compounds.[3]. Aniline and its derivatives are widely used as intermediate chemicals in the pharmaceutical and dye industries and are present in their wastewaters. These chemicals are of concern due to their potential detrimental effects on public health and aquatic species in the environment. Aniline and its derivatives are a serious issue in the effluents of dye and pharmaceutical industries, but a number of efficient treatment methods using biological, physical and AOPs have been presented in the literature. Its corrosion inhibiting and antioxidant properties make it suitable for use in steel and polymercaptan resins, respectively.9 4-methoxyaniline (or p-anisidine) is a white solid at room temperature with a density of 1.07 g/cm[3]
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