Abstract
Many extensions of the standard model contain an extra $U(1{)}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ gauge group with a heavy ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ gauge boson. Perhaps the most clear signal for such a ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ would be a resonance in the invariant mass spectrum of the lepton pairs to which it decays. In the absence of such a signal, experiments can set limits on the couplings of such a ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$, using a standard formula from theory. We repeat its derivation and find that, unfortunately, the standard formula in the literature is a factor of 8 too small. We briefly explore the implication for existing experimental searches and encourage the high-energy physics community to reexamine analyses that have used this formula.
Highlights
Many models of physics beyond the standard model (BSM) include an extra Uð1Þ0 gauge group with a heavy Z0 gauge boson; see for example the review [1]
For example, the recent ATLAS [2] and CMS [3] searches. Such experimental constraints on a Z0 can be very useful in BSM model building, provided that they are presented in an appropriate form
Equation (6.5) of the published version of that paper has the right numerical factor, but the authors state in a footnote, “We note that the analysis of Ref. [5] absorbs a factor of 8 in their parton distribution functions (PDFs) contained within the function, defined as WZ0” [11]
Summary
Many models of physics beyond the standard model (BSM) include an extra Uð1Þ0 gauge group with a heavy Z0 gauge boson; see for example the review [1]. For example, the recent ATLAS [2] and CMS [3] searches Such experimental constraints on a Z0 can be very useful in BSM model building, provided that they are presented in an appropriate form. The first is reporting limits on the Z0=Z cross-section ratio to reduce experimental uncertainties as is done, e.g., in [3,4].
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