Abstract

It is well known that rational solutions of the second Painlevé equation (P II) are expressed in terms of logarithmic derivatives of the Yablonskii–Vorob'ev polynomials Q n ( z) which are defined through a second order, bilinear differential-difference equation which is equivalent to the Toda equation. In this Letter, using the Hamiltonian theory for P II, it is shown that Q n ( z) also satisfies a fourth order, bilinear ordinary differential equation and a fifth order, quad-linear difference equation. Further, rational solutions of some ordinary differential equations which are solvable in terms of solutions of P II are also expressed in terms of the Yablonskii–Vorob'ev polynomials.

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