Abstract

International trade dispute settlement today encompasses many modes of operation across several different fora. Given this diversity, it is difficult to say whether there is a clear “2.0” version of trade dispute settlement. While such a label may suggest that the World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU) is the “1.0,” the WTO system is in fact a revision to the prior General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) enforcement arrangement. The state of play today for trade dispute settlement belies any clear label apart from what we might try to use to capture a variegated landscape that is constantly in motion. States continue to experiment with compliance and enforcement tools, such that singular directional statements are insufficient to capture what is happening in practice.

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