REM sleep deprivation-induced noradrenaline stimulates neuronal and inhibits glial Na–K ATPase in rat brain: In vivo and in vitro studies

Abstract

Increased noradrenaline, induced by rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation, stimulates Na–K ATPase activity in the rat brain. The brain contains neurons as well as glia and both possess Na–K ATPase, however, it was not known if REM sleep deprivation affects the enzyme in both types of cells identically. Rats were REM sleep deprived by the flowerpot method and free moving, large platform and recovery controls were carried out. Na–K ATPase activity was measured in membranes prepared from whole brain as well as from neuronal and glial fractions separated from REM sleep-deprived and control rats. The effects of noradrenaline (NA) in different fractions were studied with or without in vivo i.p. treatment of prazosin, an α1-adrenpceptor antagonist, as well as in vitro membranes prepared from neurons and glia separated from normal rat brain. Further, to confirm the findings, membranes were prepared from neuro2a and C6 cell lines treated with NA in the presence and absence of prazosin and Na–K ATPase activity was estimated. The results showed that neuron and neuro2a as well as glia and C6 possess comparable Na–K ATPase activity. After REM sleep deprivation the neuronal Na–K ATPase activity increased, while the glial enzyme activity decreased and these changes were mediated by NA acting on α1-adrenoceptor; comparable results were obtained by treating the neuro2a and C6 cell lines with NA. The opposite actions of NA on neuronal and glial Na–K ATPase activity probably help maintain neuronal homeostasis.