Abstract
In this paper we examine whether it is just the financial cost of maternal healthcare that prevents poor women from utilising free or low-cost government provided healthcare in Dhaka, Bangladesh, or there are other factors at play, in conjunction with poverty. To answer this question, we analyse the perceptions and experiences about the use of maternal health care for childbirth by a group of women residing in poor and lower socio-economic households in Dhaka. Data for this study were collected through in-depth interviews of 34 such women who have already had a child or had become pregnant at least once in the preceding five years. The findings of our analysis suggest that these women have a deeply rooted fear of medical intervention in childbirth for several perceived and practical reasons, including the fear of having to make undocumented payments, unfamiliarity with institutional processes, lack of social and family network support within their neighbourhood, concept of honour and shame [sharam], a culture of silence and inadequate spousal communication on health issues. As a result, even though low-cost health care facilities may be within their reach in terms of physical distance and affordable in terms of financial cost these women and their families are unwilling to deliver their babies at such health facilities. Therefore, in order to allay their perceived fear of hospital-based childbirth, one needs to consider factors other than financial cost and physical distance, and provide these women with factual information and culturally sensitive counselling.
Highlights
Bangladesh has expanded its maternal health service by setting up low cost government and non-government hospitals of different levels all over the country, so that women can reach them conveniently, and free of charge or at low cost
Based on primary data, collected from dwellers of informal settlements in a major urban area of a developing country, this study provides an insight into the roles of financial cost or geographical proximity versus women’s perception, beliefs and cultural inhibitions in the low uptake of maternal healthcare and childbirth in modern institutional settings
The perception and experience of women interviewed in this study reveal patterns of health care behaviour which can be broadly described as a practice of avoidance of facility based
Summary
Bangladesh has expanded its maternal health service by setting up low cost government and non-government hospitals of different levels all over the country, so that women can reach them conveniently, and free of charge or at low cost. The country has achieved a remarkable reduction in maternal mortality ratio, reduction of fertility and expansion of the coverage of antenatal care (ANC) [1]. Since the 1990s, various initiatives have been taken by government and non-government organisations in Bangladesh to help poor women access appropriate maternal healthcare, including free or low-cost maternal healthcare. Reluctance of women of lower socio-economic status to use maternal healthcare services
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