Abstract

Different teachings on family and procreation make balancing the demands of church and career more difficult for Catholic than Protestant women. Examination of 1965 National Fertility Survey data reveals fertility differences by religious affiliation primarily for women who worked in the past but are not now employed. For Catholics their fertility is high and similar to that of women who have never worked; for Protestants their fertility is low and similar to that of currently employed women. Further analysis of unwanted fertility suggests this pattern occurs because lower contraceptive efficacy leads more Catholic women to leave the labor force. (authors)

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