Abstract
Abstract Ever since the publication in 1905 of Max Weber's study Die Protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus, there has been lively controversy concerning the connection between religious belief and economic activity. Three main .categories of opinion have emerged from this debate: (1) the theory advocated by Weber, which has found numerous supporters aware in varying degrees of their debt to Weber's mode of thought: viz., that Protestantism, especially in its Calvinistic form, created a climate in which the ‘spirit of capitalism’ could flourish; (2) what may be called the inverted Weberian theory, argued with particular rigour by H. M. Robertson, that the spirit of capitalism is not the creator but the creation of businessmen; and finally (3) an intermediate theory, presented by Professor R. H. Tawney and others, the gist of which may be said to be that economic change tan affect religious teaching, but that also religious teaching can in tum intensify and enhance the spirit of capitalism. O...
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