Abstract
The article examines the figure of Ambrose of Milan in order to analyse the role assumed by the bishops in the Church-Empire relationship in the pars occidentalis. The decision of the Emperor Constantine to declare Christianity to be a licit religion and formal promulgation by his successor, Theodosius, of Christianity as the Empire's official religion meant a change of task for ecclesiastical personnel within the framework of the Empire. We can observe -from contemporary sources and historiography on the theme- how Ambrose guided various Emperors in their mission of «ruling» a Christian Empire, while marking out the patterns for this new relationship, thus setting the basic guidelines for the «complex» Church-Empire relationship for the emerging Church, and which still obtain in our own days.
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