Abstract
Modern digital relays use innovative algorithms to fulfill busbar protection requirements of fast operating times for all busbar faults, security for external faults with heavy current-transformer (CT) saturation, and minimum delay for evolving faults. This paper describes a reliable protection system that includes busbar protection and advanced zone selection; the protection system is suitable for the protection of multiple busbar arrangements. The protection system consists of several protection principles and measuring techniques using instantaneous and phasor quantities in a unique combination to achieve reliable busbar protection with minimum CT performance requirements.
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