Abstract
A reliable approach based on modified facet-based model and Vector Radiative Transfer theory is presented to calculate electromagnetic scattering from a particular electrically large sea surface superimposed with foams, which can handily give both monostatic and bistatic scattering results and could be applied to synthetic aperture radar imagery simulation. The facet model is derived from Fuks’ first-order small perturbation method function, and then the Kirchhoff model is introduced to revise the results in view of the dependency on cut-off wave number at near vertical incidence angles. Additionally, the contributions of foams are taken into consideration on the basis of Vector Radiative Transfer theory. The accuracy and superiority of this proposed approach are demonstrated in comparison with traditional facet model, which illustrates that the results of this approach agree better with experimental results. Moreover, several examples are given to verify that the proposed approach is of more significance at large incidence angles and high wind speed.
Highlights
Investigation on electromagnetic (EM) scattering from maritime scene is of great value in both civil and military applications, such as maritime environment monitoring and clutter rejection in target detection
Some recent attempts could be noted, for instance, the Multiple Sweep Method of Moments [1], the Accelerated ForwardBackward Method [2], and the Ordered Multiple Method [3]. These methods prevail over traditional numerical ones in terms of accelerated skills, they would still be too tricky and time-consuming for general applications, for electrically large maritime scene
A reliable approach based on MFBM and Vector Radiative Transfer (VRT) theory is developed for the calculation of scattering from a particular electrically large sea surface covered with foams
Summary
Investigation on electromagnetic (EM) scattering from maritime scene is of great value in both civil and military applications, such as maritime environment monitoring and clutter rejection in target detection. The modified two-scale method was presented and validated with better accuracy [6] It is still a statistic approach, which obtains an average of the scattering coefficients under different conditions without a particular sea height map, and nothing is said about local information. Local information is useful and desirable in SAR imagery simulation of marine scene, especially the one with oil film and ship wake This demand has encouraged the development of facet-based approaches, which try to break the surface into facets and the scattering contributions from individual facets could be obtained. Jin [9] endeavored to investigate the scattering characteristics of sea surface with foams by introducing Vector Radiative Transfer (VRT) theory into two-scale model (TSM). As this scheme can calculate the local scattering contributions, it could be readily applied to SAR imagery simulation and the analysis of scattering contributions from complex sea surface with ship wake and oil film
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