Abstract
ABSTRACTIntroduction: Differential diagnosis of skeletal and dental relationships is crucial for planning orthodontic treatment. Overbite depth indicator (ODI) and anteroposterior dysplasia indicator (APDI) had been introduced in the past for assessment of vertical and sagittal jaw relationships, respectively. Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the reliability of ODI and APDI in overbite and Angle malocclusions, as well as assess their diagnostic reliability among males and females of different age groups. Material and Methods: This study was conducted using pretreatment dental casts and lateral cephalograms of 90 subjects. For ODI, subjects were divided into three groups based on overbite (normal overbite, open bite and deep bite). Likewise, the same subjects were divided for APDI into three groups, based on Angle's malocclusion classification (dental Class I, II and III malocclusions). Mann-Whitney U test was applied for comparison of study parameters regarding sex and different age groups. The mean values of ODI and APDI were compared among study groups by means of Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Dunnet T3 tests. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to test diagnostic reliability. Results: Insignificant differences were found for ODI and APDI angles, particularly in regards to sex and age. Significant intergroup differences were found in different overbite groups and Angle's classification for ODI and APDI, respectively (p < 0.001). ROC showed 91% and 88% constancy with dental pattern in ODI and APDI, respectively. Conclusions: ODI can reliably differentiate deep bite versus normal overbite and deep bite versus open bite. APDI can reliably differentiate dental Class I, II and III malocclusions.
Highlights
Differential diagnosis of skeletal and dental relationships is crucial for planning orthodontic treatment
In several cases, dental and skeletal malocclusions may not follow an analogous pattern. This might be due to variations in dental malocclusion which are more amenable to environmental influences.[1]
Insignificant difference was found for the palatal plane angle among the three overbite groups (p = 0.775) (Table 3)
Summary
Differential diagnosis of skeletal and dental relationships is crucial for planning orthodontic treatment. Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the reliability of ODI and APDI in overbite and Angle malocclusions, as well as assess their diagnostic reliability among males and females of different age groups. The mandibular plane used in FMA was drawn as a tangent to the lower border of the body of the mandible, which is not very reliable and may lead to measurement error.[5] To overcome this deficiency and facilitate diagnosis, Kim[7] studied cephalograms of 119 subjects with ideal occlusion and 500 subjects with different malocclusions, and introduced the overbite depth indicator (ODI) to assess the skeletal relationship in the vertical plane. It describes the skeletal trends towards open bite or deep bite
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