Abstract
Introduction: Paranasal sinus plays an important role in the formation of facial contours. Therefore, knowledge of the development and size of the maxillary sinus and frontal sinus may be crucial for diagnosing and treating various classes of malocclusion. Aim: To evaluate the reliability of frontal sinus with that of maxillary sinus in the assessment of different types of skeletal malocclusions. Settings and Design: Sample consisted of lateral cephalograms of 240 patients with three different skeletal malocclusions. Material and Methods: The sample for the study consists of 240 patients (120 males and 120 females) with age of the subjects ranging from 16 to 25 years divided into skeletal Class I, II, and III on the basis of ANB angle (each 40 patients). Linear and angular cephalometric measurements were assessed and correlate with maxillary and frontal sinus size, which is obtained through AutoCAD program. Statistical Analysis: Pearson's correlation coefficient used. Results: The results show a significant correlation of frontal sinus with skeletal malocclusion ( P Conclusions: (1) Frontal sinus is more reliable as compared to maxillary sinus in depicting skeletal malocclusion. (2) Frontal sinus area larger in skeletal Class III malocclusion as compared to skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusion. (3) There is no significant variation in maxillary sinus area in males and females whereas frontal sinus shows significant variations in both males and females in different skeletal malocclusions.
Highlights
Paranasal sinus plays an important role in the formation of facial contours
Lateral cephalograms have become a vital tool in orthodontic assessment and treatment planning since the introduction of radiography by Broadbent in 1931.[1,2,3,4] Various anatomical points are used in assessment of different malocclusions which can be precisely and accurately depicted in a lateral cephalogram but presently different other points are derived which are used to reach definite point of diagnosis in orthodontics.[5,6]
One of these landmarks are the paranasal sinuses which can be assessed by radiographic method like lateral cephalogram, panoramic radiographic view, but lateral cephalogram is more preferred since other radiographs provide duplicate information.[7]
Summary
Paranasal sinus plays an important role in the formation of facial contours. knowledge of the development and size of the maxillary sinus and frontal sinus may be crucial for diagnosing and treating various classes of malocclusion. Settings and Design: Sample consisted of lateral cephalograms of 240 patients with three different skeletal malocclusions. Conclusions: (1) Frontal sinus is more reliable as compared to maxillary sinus in depicting skeletal malocclusion. Maxillary sinus and frontal sinus can be depicted in the lateral cephalogram of almost all the patients. Development and growth of these sinuses effect different orthodontic malocclusion is hypothesized in different studies.[9] Maxillary sinus which lies in close proximity to the maxillary posterior teeth might be affected by different skeletal malocclusions.[10] Rossouw et al found enlarged frontal sinus in subjects having prognathism.[11] Increase in the bone growth follows same growth pattern in paranasal sinuses.[12] Different studies have done to investigate paranasal sinus development in patients by lateral cephalograms
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