Abstract
To address the problem that high-reliability and long-life complex products are susceptible to coupled fault mechanisms, and to address the challenge of constructing a macro fault behavior model for reliability evaluation, the reliability of a smart meter based on a Phase-Type (PH) distribution under a degradation-shock load is examined. This reliability assessment method considers the impacts of environmental stress and lightning shock on a smart meter. The performance degradation process caused by environmental stress is described by a Wiener model, which is converted into a representation of a PH distribution in a subsequent step. A lightning impulse can cause performance degradation or direct failure of a smart meter. The arrival time of the lightning, the magnitude of the lightning, and the damage caused by the lightning are analyzed separately, and then, the obtained model is expressed in the form of a PH distribution. Finally, a reliability evaluation model of a smart meter based on the PH model under a degradation-shock load is established. The accuracy of the model is verified by comparing the model results with Monte Carlo simulation results.
Highlights
The smart meter is one of the most critical elements of smart grids
The degradation-shock model of this paper considers performance degradation caused by temperature and humidity as well as shock damage and direct failure caused by lightning
Based on the analysis in Section III and combined with the degradation analysis caused by the environmental stress in Part B of this section, the reliability evaluation results of a smart meter under degradation-shock loads can be obtained by using (16)
Summary
The smart meter is one of the most critical elements of smart grids. Its reliability directly affects the reliability and safety of the power supply for thousands of households. Li et al [24] discussed the modeling issue of a system subjected to a degradation-shock load based on the PH distribution, but they did not consider hard failure. Using the PH fitting method, it is convenient to obtain various parameters of the model to evaluate the reliability of the smart meter. D. Xu et al.: Reliability Evaluation of Smart Meters Under Degradation-Shock Loads Based on PH Distributions TABLE 1.
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