Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigated the reliability and validity of the Ukrainian version of third version of the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S3; Young, 2005) and provide expected scores for nonclinical samples. Method: The latest version of the questionnaire, the YSQ-S3, has received little attention, and its Ukrainian adaptation has yet to be validated. The participants were 1200 nonclinical persons of both gender, male (55%) and female (45%). The majority of participants had a bachelor's degree, which includes 31% of the statistical sample. The Young Schema Questionnaire assesses early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and schema domains. This study performed reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and second and third-order confirmatory factor analysis. TheYSQ-S3 proved to be reliable and corresponded to the theoretically proposed 18-dimensional structure. Results: Schema scores were positively associated with measures of psychopathology and personality disorder, indicating convergent validity. The results of the study showed that due to the Cronbach's alpha that is higher than 0.7, the reliability of all variables is desirable. Confirmatory factor analyses support the schema domains. We conclude that the YSQ-S3 is a psychometrically sound instrument that can be used Ukraine in research on early maladaptive schemas. Further research is necessary particularly in larger clinical samples.
Highlights
Schema therapy is a psychotherapy approach combining traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy with elements of psychodynamic approaches, Gestalt therapy, and humanistic therapies [1]
The present study revealed strong empirical support for the psychometric soundness of the Ukrainian version of the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ)-S3
Schema scores were positively associated with measures of psychopathology and personality disorder, indicating convergent validity
Summary
Schema therapy is a psychotherapy approach combining traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy with elements of psychodynamic approaches, Gestalt therapy, and humanistic therapies [1]. It recently gained increased attention, since outcome studies demonstrated its efficacy and effectiveness in patients with personality disorders, mainly borderline personality disorder [2,3,4,5,6]. According to Young, there are types of early childhood experiences that can cause a child to have schemas. The child needed affection, empathy and guidance but didn’t get it etc
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