Abstract
BackgroundTo develop a self-report Chinese version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS) and determine its validity and reliability in patients seeking a consultation with a plastic surgeon or undergoing plastic surgery in China.MethodsForward and backward translation and cultural adaptation of the BDD-YBOCS were performed according to recommended guidelines. The self-report Chinese version of the BDD-YBOCS was psychometrically tested using data collected from a cross-sectional validation study, which included 240 patients seeking a consultation with a plastic surgeon or undergoing plastic surgery at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China, between May and September 2020. Item analysis used the independent sample t test and bivariate Pearson test. Content validity was established through expert interviews. Construct validity was measured with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent validity and discriminant validity were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation to evaluate the association between the self-report Chinese version of the BDD-YBOCS and the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ). Internal reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s α.ResultsNo items were removed from the original English version of the BDD-YBOCS based on expert interviews and factor analysis. A total of 220 patients completed the study survey (91.7%). EFA extracted 3 factors, which accounted for 64.50% of the variance. CFA supported a 3-factor structure (χ2/df = 1.322, RMSEA = 0.054, GFI = 0.904, NFI = 0.902, CFI = 0.974 and TLI = 0.966). The scale had good convergent and discriminant validity. Cronbach’s α for the scale was 0.871 (P < 0.001) and ranged from 0.852 to 0.873 when individual items were removed.ConclusionThe self-report Chinese version of the BDD-YBOCS shows good validity and reliability for use in patients seeking a consultation with a plastic surgeon or undergoing plastic surgery in China.Level of Evidence IVThis journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Highlights
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V (DSM-V) [1], body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is an obsessive–compulsive spectrum disorder
No items were removed from the original English version of the BDD-YBOCS based on expert interviews and factor analysis
The self-report Chinese version of the BDDYBOCS shows good validity and reliability for use in patients seeking a consultation with a plastic surgeon or undergoing plastic surgery in China
Summary
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V (DSM-V) [1], body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is an obsessive–compulsive spectrum disorder. BDD represents an intersection between surgery and psychiatry, as individuals with BDD may seek cosmetic or plastic surgery due to an exaggerated dissatisfaction with the appearance of their body, when in actuality, a psychiatrist should treat them [2]. Due to limited research on BDD [3], many cosmetic and plastic surgeons cannot recognize and accurately diagnose patients with BDD. To develop a self-report Chinese version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS) and determine its validity and reliability in patients seeking a consultation with a plastic surgeon or undergoing plastic surgery in China
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