Abstract
Background: This study aimed to adapt the Spanish version of the Assessment of Stress in Nursing Students (ASNS) (shorter form) instrument for Spanish podiatry students, labeling the new tool as the Spanish version of Assessment of Stress in Podiatry Students (ASPS). The adaptation for reliability and repeatability included performing the transcultural adaptation process and examining the repeatability and reliability of ASPS when used in a different language. Methods: An internationally recommended translation procedure was used to adapt transculturally this tool. The instrument’s test–retest reliability was evaluated in two sessions that were 10 days apart. Results: After considering each domain’s total score, the reliability and internal consistency were analyzed with Cronbach’s α and intraclass correlation coefficient for a 95% confidence interval. Good internal consistency was reported according to total score (α = 0.8626) and each one of the six domains: (1) the practical activities performance domain showed a Cronbach’s α of 0.8684; (2) professional communication domain, α = 0.8765; (3) time management domain, α = 0.8832; (4) environment domain, α = 0.8974; (5) professional education domain, α =0.873; and (6) theoretical activity domain, α = 0.8787. Test–retest reliability, by paired test of Wilcoxon, was not significant, showing that there were not differences between domain scores (p ≥ 0.05). Lastly, visual distributions of Bland and Altman plots did not provide differences between domains and total scores. Conclusions: The Spanish version of the ASPS showed good repeatability, reliability and acceptability to measure stress parameters for podiatry students.
Highlights
Lazarus and Folkman (1986) defined stress as, “A particular relationship between the individual and the environment that is evaluated by that one as threatening or overflowing of its resources andAppl
Stress has different meanings and can develop as a result of different types of situations and relationships, such as work, family and academics [1]. Especially those in health sciences programs, report high levels of stress with negative health consequences related with academic performance and wellbeing [2,3]
The factor analysis of this tool’s psychometric properties showed that the instrument is reliable, resulting in Cronbach’s alpha (α) values that ranged from 0.71–0.87 [12]. This tool was previously used to determine stress parameters in nursing students, leading to excellent findings [12,13,14]. This instrument has appropriate domains for measuring stress in the podiatric context; this study aimed to perform the transcultural adaptation of the nursing items to the podiatry context to create the Spanish version of the tool named Assessment of Stress in Podiatry Students (ASPS) and test its reliability and repeatability [15,16]
Summary
Lazarus and Folkman (1986) defined stress as, “A particular relationship between the individual and the environment that is evaluated by that one as threatening or overflowing of its resources andAppl. Especially those in health sciences programs, report high levels of stress with negative health consequences related with academic performance and wellbeing [2,3]. This results from the fact that they are facing a new, totally unknown environment that is different from their secondary education environment, which forces behavioral changes in order to adapt to the new setting [4]. Good internal consistency was reported according to total score (α = 0.8626) and each one of the six domains: (1) the practical activities performance domain showed a Cronbach’s α of 0.8684; (2) professional communication domain, α = 0.8765; (3) time management domain, α = 0.8832; (4) environment domain, α = 0.8974;
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