Abstract
Aims: To assess the frequency and the main HPV genotypes circulating among a group of women attending at a third level Hospital in Mexico City. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed in a group of 143 female outpatients of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Service at the National Institute of Perinatology of Mexico. Cervical swabs were taken from participants and subjected to simultaneous detection/genotyping of HPV by Linear Array Genotyping Test (Roche Molecular Systems). Mann-Whitney U, median and/or Square Chi tests were used to compare socio-demographical features between HPV-infected and uninfected women. Results: A total of 66 women (46.2%) had HPV infection. Overall, 112 genotypes were detected either as single infections (45.5%) or multiple genotype infections (54.5%). The cumulated frequency of multiple infections with high-/low- and high-/high-risk HPV genotypes was 63.9 %. The most frequent high-risk genotypes were HPV52 HPV58 and HPV51, whereas the most frequent low-risk genotypes were HPV6, HPV53 and HPV84. Infected women were significantly younger and have less stable partner relationships than uninfected women (p < 0.05). Conclusion: A relevant frequency of mixed infections with high- and low-risk HPV genotypes, other than those considered most prevalent worldwide, was observed. Most circulating high-risk genotypes among the women of this study are not covered by commercial vaccine formulations.
Highlights
Strong association between female genital infection with any of the 15 recognized high-risk HPV genotypes and development of cervical cancer has been well established [1]-[3]
Low-risk HPV genotypes are more commonly associated with warts and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) [2] [5]
Since a high proportion of HPV infection is subclinical, cytological and histo-pathological examinations are of restricted clinical value
Summary
Strong association between female genital infection with any of the 15 recognized high-risk HPV genotypes and development of cervical cancer has been well established [1]-[3]. Besides high-risk HPV infection, other factors such as promiscuity, weak immune responsiveness, genetic background, long term tobacco smoking and use of oral contraceptives influence malignant transformation [3] [4]. A latent or persistent infection caused by several HPV genotypes is more likely to occur during pregnancy, even with no evidence of clinical signs. Use of improved and faster detection/typing methods of HPV in the clinical settings, has allowed identification of women with mild lesions which are prone to evolve into high-grade lesions or carcinomas [6]-[9]
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