Abstract

Lateral access spine surgery through the retroperitoneal space is becoming increasingly popular. A major limitation to the adoption of lateral access surgery is the complication profile. Traditionally, the retroperitoneal space and its unique anatomy have been relatively foreign to the spine surgeon. This chapter reviews the relevant surgical anatomy for lateral transpsoas inferbody fusion and anterior to psoas interbody fusion. A thorough understanding of the anatomy can help reduce approach related complications.

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