Relevance of the fluorescence radiation in VHE gamma-ray observations with the Cherenkov technique

Abstract

Atmospheric fluorescence is usually neglected in the reconstruction of the signals registered by Cherenkov telescopes, both IACTs and wide-angle detector arrays. In this paper we quantify the fluorescence contribution to the total light recorded in typical observational configurations. To this end we have implemented the production and tracking of fluorescence light in the CORSIKA code. Both the Cherenkov and fluorescence light distributions on ground (2200 m a.s.l.) have been simulated for γ-ray showers in a wide energy range (10−1−103 TeV). The relative fluorescence contribution has been evaluated as a function of the shower energy and zenith angle. Our results indicate that at distances from the impact point smaller than 200 m the fluorescence contamination is negligible in both types of telescopes. However, at about 1000 m, the contamination in IACTs is around 5%. At these core distances, the signals recorded by wide-angle detectors contain around 45% of atmospheric fluorescence in the PeV region.