Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the release of S in paddy soil. The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse which the soil sample was taken from three different sites. The treatment consists of (T0) control, (T1) 0.02 g S pot-1, (T2) 0.04 g S pot-1, (T3) 0.08 g S pot-1, (T4) 0.04 g S pot-1 + rice straw. The concentration of S was measured in soil, surface water (soil solution) and leached water. The results showed that the addition of S increased the available S. In general, concentration of S in soil was high for site 1 and 3. It was possible due to the higher clay content for site 1 and 3 compared to site 2. The higher S concentration in soil solution was obtained by treatment T3 for all sites. Sulfur concentration in leached water was higher for T2 compared to T4. It indicated that rice straw could protect the release of S in leached water.
Highlights
In order to support Indonesian National Rice Program, improvements have been made by using balanced inorganic and organic fertilizers
Sulfur deficiency in paddy fields are caused by the use of high P, K and N fertilizers, but not paying attention to S requirements for plants
Nitrogen was low for all sites (ISRI, 2009). It is caused by burning most straws or taking out rice straw from rice fields after the harvest for animal feed
Summary
In order to support Indonesian National Rice Program, improvements have been made by using balanced inorganic and organic fertilizers. The use of N and P fertilizer continuously without returning crop residues and organic materials will deplete macro nutrients such as S, Ca and Mg. Sulfur is an element needed for the formation of amino acids, methionine, and cysteine for plants. Plants S deficiency are characterized by dwarf shape, young leaves, more yellowish, late maturation of fruits. Sulfur deficiency in paddy fields are caused by the use of high P (phosphorus), K (potassium) and N (nitrogen) fertilizers, but not paying attention to S requirements for plants. Plants S uptake in the form of inorganic sulfate (SO42-) through the roots where soil available S can be determine using a solution of Ca(H2PO4)
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