Release models for leaks from high-pressure hydrogen storage systems

Abstract

Simulations and analyses of experimental data from leaks from high-pressure hydrogen storage systems will require knowledge of the stagnation state time histories and stream properties exiting the orifices. An analytical ideal-gas model based on the ideal gas state equation and a computer program making use of the NIST standard reference database (REFPROP) were developed to model the entire process of leaks from high-pressurized hydrogen gas containers. The results obtained by the two methods agree with each other well. As the gas behavior departs from the ideal gas properties at high pressures, the actual stagnation pressure and temperature decay more rapidly than with the ideal-gas assumption.