Abstract
The newly developed experimental approach of measuring surface potential variations over propagating water waves cover with monolayers allows direct determination of phase angles θ between the hydrodynamic surface area variation and the surface film concentration (surface tension, surface potential) variation depending on the chemical structure and the relaxation behavior of the film molecules. These phase shift data and independently measured laboratory surface viscosity values determined by means of the canal method are used for calculating dilational modulus E values which turn out to be lower than E values obtained by classical Langmuir-trough measurements. As shown in Part II of this work (H. Hühnerfuss, P. A. Lange, and W. Walter, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 108, 442, 1985) these E values obtained under dynamic conditions are much more suitable for describing quantitatively the wave damping effects of monolayers.
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