Abstract
Abstract The first part of this chapter presents experimental data on vibrational relaxation times and vibrational populations obtained in shock tubes and shock tunnels. The corresponding methods of measurement such as interferometry, Raman diffusion spectroscopy, infra-red absorption, and emission are described. The TV and VV relaxation times and non-equilibrium vibrational populations deduced from these measurements are then analysed, and measurements of accommodation and exchange coefficients are described. In the second part, values of dissociation rate constants for various species are proposed. Time-resolved spectra of radiating species (CN, C2) behind strong shock waves are presented; they allow for the analysis of the kinetics of mixtures characteristic of planetary atmospheres. Experimental results of shock stand-off distances over blunt bodies obtained in shock and gun tunnels are compared to computed results. Experimental data on chemical catalycity are discussed. Finally, in the appendices, kinetic models for relaxing and/or reactive mixtures, simulation methods of emission spectra, and precursor radiation measurement in shock tube are discussed.
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