Abstract
We present a single-electron-response theory of tunnel ionization of atomic ions inrelativistic laser fields, as described by the three-dimensional Klein–Gordonand Dirac equations. The ionization rates are derived analytically forhydrogen-like ions taking into account the presence of the Coulomb potential andare then generalized to arbitrary atomic ions by using quantum defecttheory. The resulting ionization rates allow for the first time a quantitativeprediction of tunnel ionization of atomic ions in relativistic laser fields.
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