Abstract
The paper introduces the concept of relativistic ontological realism, and the corresponding notion of relativistic realization of objects. The conditions that allow for the relativistic realization of objects are determined. In particular, the paper indicates the way the imposition of organizational structures on already existent objects supports the relativistic realization of new, more complex ones. A type-theoretic presentation of the principles of relativistic ontological realism is given in the language of predicate calculus, making use of the notion of typed world and the condition of effectiveness in the determination of the existence of objects. Two case studies illustrating the way the notion of relativistic ontological realism supports ontological analysis are presented, both concerning the ontology of computations, more specifically, the relativistic realization of computational levels in computational systems. The first case study deals with the realization of logical circuits through structural arrangements of electrical circuits. The second, with the realization of software systems through computer programming. A conception of the mechanics of the relativistic realization of objects, taking the imposition of organizational structures on previously extant objects as its basis, is proposed and briefly analyzed.
Highlights
IntroductionThis paper introduces the concept of relativistic ontological realism to account for the reality of the objects of human action, some pre-existent to it, others existing only as its consequences
This paper introduces the concept of relativistic ontological realism to account for the reality of the objects of human action, some pre-existent to it, others existing only as its consequences.The way relativistically real objects participate in the operational structure of human action is one of the factors determining the relativistic reality of those objects
On the bases of the conceptual framework introduced in the paper, as well as on the analyzes of the case studies, we submit that the mechanism of the relativistic realization of objects amounts to the imposition of organizational structures on already existent objects, in a way that realizes the inescapable properties that the relativistically realized object has to have in order to be capable of participating in the operational structure of the agent that creates it
Summary
This paper introduces the concept of relativistic ontological realism to account for the reality of the objects of human action, some pre-existent to it, others existing only as its consequences. The way relativistically real objects participate in the operational structure of human action is one of the factors determining the relativistic reality of those objects. The paper determines the way the imposition of organizational structures, by human action, on pre-existent objects allow for the relativistic realization of new, more complex objects. The most fundamental example of this type of distinction is that, established by Kant, between objects of corporeal (or extended) nature, which occur in time and space, and objects of thinking (or rational) nature, which occur only in time (Kant, 2004; see : Costa, 2014) Both corporeal and rational beings (understood in the Kantian sense) are relativistically real objects (in the terminology of the present paper). We justify why the general term artifact is the appropriate term to denote the relativistically real objects that constitute the domains of the various relativistically realist ontologies, whose general features are determined through the conception of the relativistic ontological realism
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