Relativistic effects on dust grain charging in non-equilibrium dusty plasma with relativistic Tsallis distribution

Abstract

The relativistic effects on the dust grain charging are investigated by calculating the relativistic cross section by the orbit-limited motion (OLM) theory and relativistic Tsallis distribution function for currents carried by ions and electrons in nonequilibrium plasma. The dust grain electrical potential equation is derived in the dust grain charging process, and this nonlinear equation is solved by the numerical method. We indicate that the behavior of nonextensivity is in contrast to ions and electrons, and it is found that the density of species in plasma has the most influence on the degree of nonextensivity. We show that the degree of nonextensivity of the electron and the ion has significant effects on the relationship between dust grain electrical potential and dust density. As another result, it is indicated that by increasing the dust density, the dust particles will be seen as a component from ordinary multi-ionic plasma that shows collective behavior. By comparing the results in relativistic and nonrelativistic regimes, it is indicated that in the relativistic regime, the density of dust is limited, and the electrical potential of dust grains also varies, whereas in the nonrelativistic regime, the dust density is not limited, and the dust grain electrical potential tends to be constant in small amounts of dust density.