Relative survival after meningioma surgery. A French nationwide population-based cohort study

Abstract

Background Survival after meningioma surgery is often reported with inadequate allowance for competing causes of death. Methods We processed the Système National des Données de Santé, the French administrative medical database to retrieve appropriate patients’ case of surgically treated meningiomas. The Pohar Perme relative survival (RS) method was implement. Results A total of 28,778 patients were identified between 2007 and 2017 of which 75% were female. Median age at surgery 59 years. Cranial convexity was the most common (24.7%) location and, benign meningioma represented 91.5% of all meningioma. Median follow-up was 3.5 years interquartile range [3.4–3.5]. At data collection, 2,232 patients were dead. The five-year survival relative to the expected survival of an age- and gender-matched French standard population was 96.2% 95% confidence interval (CI)[95.7–96.8]. Meningioma absolute excess risk of death was 973/100,000 person-years 95%CI[887–1068] (p< .001). The related standardised mortality ratio was 1.8 95%CI[1.7–1.9] (p< .001). In the adjusted model, male gender (hazard ratio [HR] =1.39, 95%CI[1.27–1.54], p< .001), age at surgery (HR=0.97, 95%CI[0.97–0.97], p < .001), type 2 neurofibromatosis (HR=2.95, 95%CI[1.95–4.46], p < .001), comorbidities HR=1.39, 95%CI[1.36–1.42], p < .001), location (HR=0.8, 95%CI[0.67–0.95], p= .0111), pre-operative embolization, (HR=1.3, 95%CI[1.08–1.56], p= .00507), cerebro-spinal fluid shunt, (HR=2.48, 95%CI[2.04–3.01], p < .001), atypical (HR=1.3, 95%CI [1.09–1.54], p= .00307) or malignant histology (HR=1.86, 95%CI[1.56–2.22], p< .001), redo surgery (HR=1.19, 95%CI[1.04–1.36], p= .0122) and radiotherapy (HR=1.43, 95%CI[1.26–1.62], p < .001) were established as independent predictors of RS. Conclusion This unique study highlights the excess mortality associated with meningioma disease. Many factors such as gender, age, location, histopathological grading, redo surgery influence the RS.