Relative stabilities of Ce(IV) and Ce(III) limiting carbonate complexes at 5–50 °C in Na + aqueous solutions, an electrochemical study

Abstract

The normal potential of the Ce(IV)/Ce(III) redox couple was determined by square wave voltammetry (SWV) at different temperatures in solutions with a constant ratio [CO 3 2−]/[HCO 3 −] ≈10 for high ionic strengths (3.29 mol dm −3 at 4.39 mol dm −3): E IV / III 0 ′ varies from 259.5 to 198.0 mV/S.H.E. in the 15–50 °C range. Linear variations were found for E IV / III 0 ′ versus ( RT/ F)ln( m C O 3 2 − ), leading to the stoichiometry, Ce(CO 3) 6 8− for the Ce(IV) limiting complex. But the slopes of these linear variations were actually found in the range 1.8–1.9, not exactly 2. This was interpreted as dissociation of the Ce(IV) limiting complex following the reaction: Ce(CO 3) 5 6− + CO 3 2− → Ce(CO 3) 6 8− and as dissociation of the Ce(III) limiting complex following the reaction: Ce(CO 3) 3 3− + CO 3 2− → Ce(CO 3) 4 5−; for which maximum possible values of log 10 K IV,6 and log 10 K III,4 were estimated via fitting in the 15–50 °C temperature range (log 10 K IV,6 = 0.42 (0.97) and log 10 K III,4 = 0.88 (7.00) at 15 °C (50 °C). The normal potential was found to decrease linearly with T, these variations correspond to T 0 Δ r S T 0 ≈ − 46 kJ mo l − 1 , with T 0 = 298.15 K and Δ r H T 0 ≈ − 70 kJ mo l − 1 . The apparent diffusion coefficient of Ce(IV) was determined by direct current polarography (DCP), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry. It was found to depend on the ionic strength and to be proportional to T.