Relative lipid content as the sole mechanistic determinant of the adipose tissue:blood partition coefficients of highly lipophilic organic chemicals

Abstract

The adipose tissue:blood partition coefficient (PC at:b) refers to the ratio of chemical concentration or solubility in adipose tissue and blood. The solubility of a chemical in adipose tissue or whole blood is equal to the sum total of its solubility in lipid and water fractions of these matrices. For highly lipophilic organic chemicals (HLOCs, i.e., chemicals with log n-octanol:water partition coefficients (PC o:w) greater than four), their solubility in the water fractions of both tissue and blood is negligible, and therefore their solubility in lipid fractions of tissue and blood alone determines PC at:b. Since the numerical value representing chemical solubility in lipids is likely to be the same for both blood lipids and adipose tissue lipids, the PC at:b values should be hypothetically, equal to the ratio of lipid content of adipose tissue and blood. The objective of the present study was therefore to verify whether the PC at:bs of HLOCs (volatile organics, dioxins, PCBs, PBBs, DDT) are equal to the ratio of adipose tissue and blood lipid levels. The data on lipid content of rat and human blood and adipose tissues were obtained from the literature. The calculated tissue:blood lipid ratios were comparable to the human and rat PC at:b of volatile organic chemicals, dioxins, PCBs, PBBs and/or DDT obtained from the literature. These results then suggest that, regardless of the identity and PC o:w of HLOCs, their PC at:b is equal to the ratio of lipid in adipose tissues and blood.