Abstract
The present study deals with the experimental research findings for the characteristics of ignition (ignition delay times, minimum ignition temperature) and combustion (maximum combustion temperature, concentration of anthropogenic emission), as well as theoretical calculations of integral environmental, economic, and energy performance indicators of fuel compositions based on coal processing waste with the most typical types of biomass (sawdust, leaves, straw, oil-containing waste, and rapeseed oil). Based on the results of the experiments, involving the co-combustion of biomass (10% mass) with coal processing waste (90% mass) as part of slurry fuels, we establish differences in the concentrations of NOx and SOx in the gaseous combustion products. They make up from 36 to 218 ppm when analyzing the flue gases of coal and fuel slurries. Additionally, the values of relative environmental, economic, and energy performance indicators were calculated for a group of biomass-containing fuel compositions. The calculation results for equal weight coefficients are presented. It was shown that the efficiency of slurry fuels with biomass is 10%–24% better than that of coal and 2%–8% better than that of filter-cake without additives. Much lower anthropogenic emissions (NOx by 25%–62% and SOx by 61%–88%) are confirmed when solid fossil fuels are partly or completely replaced with slurry fuels.
Highlights
Fuels, derived from waste, such as biogas, syngas, pyrolysis oil and spirits, are renewable energy sources [1,2]
The values of relative environmental, economic, and energy performance indicators were calculated for a group of biomass-containing fuel compositions
It was shown that the efficiency of slurry fuels with biomass is 10%–24% better than that of coal and 2%–8% better than that of filter-cake without additives
Summary
Fuels, derived from waste (e.g., biomass), such as biogas, syngas, pyrolysis oil and spirits, are renewable energy sources [1,2]. They are in high demand nowadays due to high rates of fossil fuel depletion [3]. The employment of reactors and gasifiers with biomass is economically feasible, no matter whether heat and power are produced in small or large volumes. They can be used on a large scale in industry, reducing the pollution of the environment with anthropogenic emissions, as compared with the widely used coal-fired power generation technologies [1,2]. Implementing biofuel technologies in power industry facilitates the development of a number of related aspects [2,5]: reducing the amount of waste buried at landfills; increasing the share of renewable energy resources in the energy industry; expanding local and national economy, tax base and allowances; improving waste handling requirements in the context of modernizing environmental policy; building positive public opinion on the energy-efficient waste recycling
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