Relative efficacy of different herbicides on Echinochloa accessions

Abstract

The experiment was conducted in pots to study the effect of five herbicides on different Echinochloa accessions during the year 2014. Six ecotypes viz., E. glabrescens (HAU Farm), E. colona/crusgalli (Ahrewan, Fatehabad), E. crusgalli (Majden, Sirsa), E. colona/crusgalli (Beri Akbarpur, Uklana), E. colona/crusgalli (Chamarkhera, Uklana) and E.glabrescens (Mundhal, Hansi) were sprayed at different days after sowing. Butachlor (1500 g/ha) and pretilachlor (1000 g/ha) were sprayed at three days after sowing (DAS). Recommended doses of herbicides i. e. bispyribac sodium (25 g/ha), penoxsulam (22.5 g/ha) and cyhalofop-butyl (120 g/ha) were sprayed at 25 DAS. Sampling was made after 30 DAS. Hebicides butachlor (1500 g/ha) and pretilachlor (1000 g/ha) were used as preemergence and no germination was observed 30 DAS except control. Mortality increased with increasing doses of different herbicides. Except E. glabrescens (HAU Farm-79.5%) and E. colona/crusgalli (Ahrewan, Fatehabad-80.9%), 100% mortality was noticed in all the accessions at RD of penoxulum, whereas 45–95% mortality was seen in all the ecotypes at RD of bispyribac sodium but 100% mortality was observed in all the accessions of Echinochloa at RD of cyhalofop butyl. Reversibly, dry matter decreased with increasing doses of herbicides (RD of penoxsulam-22.5 g/ha, bispyribac sodium-25 g/ha and cyhalofop butyl-120 g/ha) in all the accessions. Maximum per cent decline was noticed in E.colona/crusgalli (15.1%) (Ahrewan, Fatehabad), E. colona/crusgalli (6.1%) (Ahrewan, Fatehabad) and E. colona/crusgalli (Beri Akbarpur, Uklana) at recommended doses of penoxsulam, bispyribac sodium and cyhalofop butyl, respectively, over their respective control. Conclusively, maximum efficacy was shown by cyhalofob butyl on the basis of per cent mortality and dry matter accumulation in different accessions.