Abstract
BackgroundWork design integrates work characteristics having organizational, social and job components which influence employees’ welfare and also organizational goals. We investigated the effects of work characteristics and other predictors to job satisfaction, turnover intention, and burnout in doctors of the public primary, public secondary and private facilities of the district health system of Bangladesh.MethodsA quantitative study using a self-administered questionnaire containing mostly structured items was conducted among the public and private doctors with a sample size of 384 from 29 out of a total 64 districts of Bangladesh during October and November 2015. All variables including work characteristics and outcomes of interest were based on literature and measured on 5-point Likert scale. Multivariate analysis of variance, bivariate correlation, and multiple regression were the models operated through SPSS version-21.ResultsA total of 354 doctors responded. No significant differences were found between public primary and secondary level doctors on combined work characteristics and outcomes variables, which however differed significantly between the public and private doctors. Organizational support was the strongest predictor adversely affecting job satisfaction, turnover intention and burnout of both the public and private doctors; private doctors’ experienced more support. The effects of health-professional politics on the public doctors were alarming.ConclusionWork design of the Bangladesh’s health system is in need of ample development. Doing so, improvement in organizational supports is crucial; however, other work characteristics components are also important for enhancing doctors’ welfare and health system productivity.
Highlights
Work design integrates work characteristics having organizational, social and job components which influence employees’ welfare and organizational goals
This study aimed to identify the relationships of work characteristics to job satisfaction, turnover intention, Table 5 Multiple regression statistics of key predictors of outcomes of interest in the public and private doctors
We found no significant differences between the responses on work characteristics and outcomes of interest in the public primary and secondary level doctors which indicate similar effects of the work characteristics on the public doctors’ job satisfaction, turnover intention and burnout status; there are significant differences between the public and private sector doctors
Summary
Work design integrates work characteristics having organizational, social and job components which influence employees’ welfare and organizational goals. Job-holders’ attitude (e.g. job satisfaction), behaviour (e.g. turnover intention) and well-being (e.g. burnout) states are commonly-studied work design outcomes which are under the complex influence of the wider organizational environment [4, 6,7,8]. Job satisfaction of health professionals (e.g. doctors and non-doctor staff ) is essential since their dissatisfaction is linked to poor quality of care and poor health outcomes. Structural, managerial and staff welfare factors (i.e. organizational factors), social factors and work in it-self (i.e. job characteristics) are the key attributes influence job satisfaction and turnover or retention of health professionals [10, 12]. A study at Ghana showed that strengthening of human resource management skills of the district level health managers are quite important for optimizing health professionals’ motivation, job satisfaction and retention [13]
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