Abstract
Our previous studies have demonstrated that histidine supplementation significantly ameliorates inflammation and oxidative stress in obese women and high-fat diet-induced obese rats. However, the effects of dietary histidine on general population are not known. The objective of this Internet-based cross-sectional study was to evaluate the associations between dietary histidine and prevalence of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity in northern Chinese population. A total of 2376 participants were randomly recruited and asked to finish our Internet-based dietary questionnaire for the Chinese (IDQC). Afterwards, 88 overweight/obese participants were randomly selected to explore the possible mechanism. Compared with healthy controls, dietary histidine was significantly lower in overweight (p < 0.05) and obese (p < 0.01) participants of both sexes. Dietary histidine was inversely associated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure in overall population and stronger associations were observed in women and overweight/obese participants. Higher dietary histidine was associated with lower prevalence of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity, especially in women. Further studies indicated that higher dietary histidine was associated with lower fasting blood glucose (FBG), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), 2-h postprandial glucose (2 h-PG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), malonaldehyde (MDA) and vaspin and higher glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and adiponectin of overweight/obese individuals of both sexes. In conclusion, higher dietary histidine is inversely associated with energy intake, status of insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress in overweight/obese participants and lower prevalence of overweight/obesity in northern Chinese adults.
Highlights
The rising prevalence of overweight and obesity has become a major global health challenge [1].Obesity is a major risk factor for a series of metabolic disorders and chronic diseases, including insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and certainNutrients 2016, 8, 420; doi:10.3390/nu8070420 www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrientsNutrients 2016, 8, 420 cancer [2,3,4,5]
We found negative correlations between dietary histidine and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in overweight and obese participants, but no significant correlation of dietary histidine and BMI, WC, and DBP were observed in normal BMI participants
We firstly reported that higher dietary histidine intake was associated with lower prevalence of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity and lower BMI, waist circumference and blood pressure in northern Chinese population, which was firstly found using an Internet-based food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) study
Summary
The rising prevalence of overweight and obesity has become a major global health challenge [1].Obesity is a major risk factor for a series of metabolic disorders and chronic diseases, including insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and certainNutrients 2016, 8, 420; doi:10.3390/nu8070420 www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrientsNutrients 2016, 8, 420 cancer [2,3,4,5]. It has been reported that lower plasma concentration of histidine is associated with protein-energy wasting, inflammation and oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease patients [10]. Previous animal studies confirmed that histidine supplementation could reduce body weight and ameliorates inflammation and oxidative stress of adipose tissue in a high-fat diet induced female obese rat model [11]. We had found that serum histidine concentrations in obese women were significantly lower than those in non-obese women and had negative relationships with inflammation and oxidative stress [13]. The recovery of serum histidine concentrations through histidine supplementation could improve insulin resistance, reduce body mass index (BMI) and fat mass, and suppress inflammation and oxidative stress in obese women [14]. One cross-sectional study in Japanese adolescents showed a significantly negative correlation between energy intake and ratio of histidine to protein intake [15]
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